Association of single nucleotide polymorphism in CD28(C/T-I3 + 17) and CD40 (C/T-1) genes with the Graves' disease.

OBJECTIVE To find out a correlation between the single nucleotide polymorphisms in cluster of differentiation 28 and cluster of differentiation 40 genes with Graves' disease, if any. METHODS This case-control study was conducted at the Multan Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Radiotherapy, Multan, Pakistan, and comprised blood samples of Graves' disease patients and controls. Various risk factors were also correlated either with the genotype at each single-nucleotide polymorphism or with various combinations of genotypes studied during present investigation. RESULTS Of the 160 samples, there were 80(50%) each from patients and controls. Risk factor analysis revealed that gender (p=0.008), marital status (p<0.001), education (p<0.001), smoking (p<0.001), tri-iodothyronine (P <0.001), thyroxin (p<0.001) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (p<0.000) levels in blood were associated with Graves' disease. CONCLUSIONS Both single-nucleotide polymorphisms in both genes were not associated with Graves' disease, either individually or in any combined form.